Immunization and vaccination are crucial tools in preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

By introducing a weakened or killed form of a pathogen into the body, vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies, providing immunity against future infections.

Vaccines have played a pivotal role in eradicating diseases like smallpox and nearly eliminating others such as polio.

They not only protect individuals but also contribute to herd immunity, safeguarding those who cannot be vaccinated due to medical reasons.

However, vaccine hesitancy and misinformation pose significant challenges to global immunization efforts, highlighting the importance of education and public awareness campaigns.

Overall, immunization remains one of the most effective and cost-efficient public health interventions, saving millions of lives worldwide.